Jimi Hendrix and His Life Accomplishments Essay Example for Free

Jimi Hendrix and His Life Accomplishments Essay Jimi Hendrix was one of the most influential and talented musicians of the 20th century, and through his work he made rock music what it is today. His talent with a guitar was what made him so popular in his own time. The reason he became a rock and roll legend in the 20th century was because of his new style, outrageous performances and his powerful lyrics which captivated his audiences. His new style of music involved, the extensive use but sensitively nuanced use of feedback, distortion, and other electronically manipulated sound effects. (Hendrix, Jimi). Some found the performances he put on to be crazy or insane, but his fans found them to be inspiring. Nevertheless, The true power of his genius lay in his musical and lyrical candor. (Fricke). On November 27, 1942 at 10:15 Johnny Allen Hendrix was born in King County Hospital. Johnnys name was changed 4 years later to James Marshal Hendrix, the name he is better know by today. Just a few months after Jimi turned 16 his mother Lucille died. Jimi got his first guitar later in the year of his mothers death. (Time Line) Many people think his heartbreak over his mothers death is why Jimi turned to the guitar and writing music because, At its core, Hendrixs music was all about the blues. (Fricke). A year later in 1959 Jimi played in his first concert with The Velvetones. Then Jimi dropped out of high school to join the army. He was only in the army for about 3 months because he got injured during a mission and was discharged. Less than a year after being discharged from the army Jimi began to play on the R B circuit. After about 4 years of that Jimi formed his own band called Jimmy James and The Blue Flames. In this band is where he was discovered by a man named Chas Chandler. (Jimi Hendrix Biography) Then on October 6, 1966 Jimi Hendrixs most popular band was formed, Jimi Hendrix Experience. Over the course of about 2 years the Jimi Hendrix Experience released their 1st, 2nd and 3rd singles. They also toured in the UK, US, with the Monkeys and Jimi had his now legendary performance at the Monterey Pop Festival. In late 1968 and early 1969 Jimi received Artist Of The Year, Performer Of The Year, and World Top Musician awards. Jimi Hendrixs career then began a downfall as the Jimi Hendrix Experience broke up and Jimi got arrested in Toronto. Jimi formed his last band called Band Of Gypsys and they played a few big concerts in 1970. Then Jimi played his  biggest concert in front of 500,000 people at the Atlanta Pop Festival on July 4, 1970. Jimi Hendrixs last concert was at the Isle of Fehmarn in Germany. Jimi died on September 18, 1970 and just the day before Jimi wrote his last song en titled The Story of Life. (Time Line) There were many great musicians in the 20th century, and some people believe that they have had a greater influence than Jimi Hendrix on rock today. There were the Beatles, Elvis Presley, the Rolling Stones and many other amazing musicians. Each of these artists also produced anywhere from 10-30 albums in their careers and, in his life time Jimi Hendrix officially released only three studio albums (Fricke) With so little music produced for the public how could he have influenced rock in any way at all. There are also other people who think Jimi Hendrix was a bad influence. Jimi Hendrix ran into many problems with the law involving his use of drugs and his anger problems. Some people feel that if someone influential is using drugs or committing violent acts this is influencing fans and followers in a wrong and potentially harmful way. There are also people who probably just didnt like his music. The furor Hendrix created upon his arrival on the London pop scene was unprecedented. (Fricke) His new style of using lots of electronic sound effects was very different and new, and to some people probably it just sounded like a bunch of noise. If anything, some felt his influence changed rock for the worse. It is definitely true that there were many great musicians that played a part in influencing rock music and making it what it is today. Those musicians also wrote more albums and had more popular songs than Jimi Hendrix. But having many albums and popular songs isnt what really influenced the development of rock music or the people who played and wrote rock music. What really influences something is a new and unique style, and that is exactly what Jimi Hendrix provided. He, did not conform to British fantasies of sharpdressing soul belters grizzled old bluesmen, who played rock roll guitar (Fricke). The way he took control during a concert using his pure talent with a guitar and the new style he had in his heart, changed the way concerts were to be performed forever. Jimi Hendrix did have a few flaws in his personality, but that doesnt change his influence in the  slightest. His influence came directly from his music and this part of him was flawless. simply pulling sounds out of the air and taming them into one seamless whole, accomplishing it with unassailable daring. (Mitchell) Jimi Hendrix was one of the most influential and talented musicians of the 20th century, and through his work he has made rock music what it is today. The combination of that creative drive with his stunning technique, sonic imagination and ingenious, painterly exploitation of effects like wah-wah, feedback, distortion and sheer earthquaking volume transformed rock roll and its primary instrument, the electric guitar forever. Hendrix left an indelible, fiercely individual mark on popular music, accelerating rocks already dynamic rate of change in the late Sixties with his revolutionary synthesis of guitar violence, improvisational nerve, spacey melodic reveries and a confessional intensity born of the blues. (Fricke) Although Jimi Hendrix didnt affect any other fields other than rock music directly, his influence on rock music continues to effect the world today. Many people have various aspects to their personality and Jimi Hendrix was definitely one of them. On his one side he had serious drug and anger problems. This side of him, obviously the bad one, was not the side his fans thought of when they saw his poster on their wall. They thought of his flawless other side in which he was an amazing guitarist, song writer and performer. Jimi Hendrix loved to write music and play his guitar more than anything else in the world, For Hendrix it was the substance of life. (Fricke). Work Cited Fricke, David. Jimi Hendrix: The Greatest Guitarist of All Time. Rolling Stone. February 6, 1992 Hendrix, Jimi. The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. New York: Columbia University press, 2003. Jimi Hendrix Biography. Well Always Remember Jimi Hendrix. (1 December, 2003) Mitchell, Elvis. Jimi Hendrix Again, Going Out With a Bang. New York Times. October 6 2001, :A20 Time Line. Jimi Hendrix Online Archive. (3 December, 2003)

Report Of Coca Cola Marketing Analysis Marketing Essay

Report Of Coca Cola Marketing Analysis Marketing Essay The operating environment of our company contains two parts: the macro-environment and the micro-environment. Macro-environment: Entering into the 21st century, the material production of the society has been abundantly riched and the standard of living of people has been greatly improved. The UK beverage market is going through an environment of constantly meeting the material and cultural needs of people. The consumption concept of pursuing healthy and fashionable lifestyle becomes more and more important. People constantly strive for excellence and dedicate to the pursuit of aggressiveness. The number of people that concern about the nature and health is constantly increasing, while some products of the Coca-Cola and their fashion sense and metropolitan image are consistent with the characteristics of modern peoples entertainments and the development of living space(Wette Kristensen,2005). They also comply with the demand of low calorie of the consumers, so it will be subject to the general consumers. Micro-environment: Generally speaking, Coca-Cola has the stable and strong suppliers and intermediaries with scale. The supply chain is relatively clear. It can constantly adjust its supply chain and value chain according to the actual situation. This has great relationship with creating the stable kingdom of Coca-Cola(Jens Rupp,2009). There are basically only two competitors within the industry of the US soft drinks for the two companies account for 70% market shares. But there are some differences between these two brands in the customer experience and the impression. Both have a long history and great advertising investment. The influence of history and advertisements make the two brand Coca-Cola and Pepsi become the symbol of American culture. For various reasons they form a great industrial monopolies. Currently Coca-Cola continues to develop to a new direction. (2)Competitive regional analysis The main rival of Coca-Cola in the beverage market is the other existing competitors and potential competitors. Among them, the existing competitors include foreign competitors and local competitors. The foreign competitors-Pepsi Cola is the largest available competitor. Pepsi Cola is one of the worlds most successful companies of consumer goods. The two companies monopolize the cola market in the world (Eileen P,Anderson-Fye ,2004). Currently in the UK, they are popular in different cities. The local brands are Coca-Colas local competitors. These brands in the UK have a relatively fixed group of consumers and the local consumers have formulated certain consumption habits, which is also a strong rival of Coca-Cola. (3)SWOT Analysis Advantage (strength) The worlds largest soft-drink giant, it has the advantages of strong manufacturers and great global competitiveness. Strong marketing capabilities, systems and corporate advertising. Brand image grows deeply in peoples minds, has become one part of consumers life. The Mystery formulations of the core product are extremely confidential, so its popular for 100 years without failure. Access deployment is rather complete, and has the strong sales channels of fast food.Innovative and highly competent, the most representative product is the launch of Diet Coke.High market share, more market leading brand products.Products have the characteristics of convenience, the unique flavor and the fair price and so on.Product life cycle has the patterns of loop recycling, remains intact.Recently it announces that the employee stock option is one part of salary transfer fee, which will fully reflect the financial condition of enterprises. Disadvantage (weakness) Large organizations, control is not easy.Consumers stereotypes to the products unhealthy beverages containing the ingredients of caffeine in cola, and could easily lead to obesity and other health problems. The product identification of major consumer groups (younger) is slightly worse than Pepsi. Access of bottled drinks is over the wide range and its more difficult to control the final product quality of consumers. Opportunity General soft drinks industry can enter into the industry with low barriers, however its hard to develop into the cross-marketing level.Carbonated beverages are more suitable for the demand of the younger, especially for Latin America and the Asia-Pacific countries. The proportion of young people is rapidly improving which brings the industry more business.Brand image of beverage has a deep influence to the sales condition. Threat The alternative of other Non-cola carbonated beverage products of other alternative is still quite possible.The pursuit of health consumers will definitely reduce the consumption of carbonated beverages. The competition of beverage market competition is quite fierce. The main rival Pepsi is a huge threat. Over the past few years, the performance of Coca-Cola is stagnant while the Pepsi is continuous growing. (4)PEST Analysis: Analysis of political and legal factors: the British political environment is stable, the production is developing and people live and work with high level. The legal system is more perfect. Coca-Cola has to be in accordance with the British laws and regulations when takes various marketing activities to achieve better development in the UK. This can bring more advantages and opportunities to Coca-Cola. Analysis of economic environment factor: the treatment of the UK to the foreign investors is very favorable. Foreign and British businesses get the same tax, financial subsidies, new technology development subsidies. Because of the complete base facilities, transport facilities, communication equipment, stable political environment and other advanced and favorable conditions, they are enormously attractive to foreign investors. In addition, the UK is a developed country and has a relatively high level of economic development. (Springer US,2003). So the product quality competition is more important that the price competition if Coca-Cola want to be well developed in the UK. Analysis of technical factor: due to the rapid development of science and technology, the cycle of using new technology in new product has been greatly shortened. The product renewal of beverage industry has speed up. At the same time the promotions are becoming more diverse. Analysis of Social and human factors: the UK is a country filled with elegant atmosphere. But it also has the side of young and enthusiastic. The British are taking care of the life quality and spiritual enjoyment. 2. Marketing positioning (1) Market Segmentation 1) segment by the purchasers age: According to the market survey, the main consumers of Coca-Cola are the younger with the age from 15 to 34. They account for more than half of the whole consumer group. The young generation are open-minded and they pursuit healthy, fashionable and high-quality life. Therefore the natural and healthy Coca-Cola which is consistent with the trend can meet their requirements. 2) segment by the purchasing factors: Interest segments of market age numbers psychology preferable brand taste Heavy consumer Pursuit fashion and trendy and like to buy foreign brands Soda product Health and beauty 20-34 Heavy consumer Pursuit fashion, health and leisure, with more pressure and eager to relax Functional beverage or packaged water with caffeine and vitamins Health and care >35 Light consumer Conservative, pursuit stability, peace and the longevity of life Healthy and nutritious (2) Target Market Through market segmentation, we decide to choose the 18-29 year old consumer group as our target market. Because the consumers with this age are the main consumers of the Coca-Cola products. Besides, as there are lots of universities in Britain, the target group can form the market that is large enough and has some potential. Moreover, since the consumption attitudes of college students change and the income levels of young white-collar increase, the purchasing ability of the group has been improved in some extent. Meanwhile the young people have a higher Coca-Cola brand loyalty. As long as our products can make a breakthrough on taste and function, it will win the consumers heart easily. Develop with the way of regional agency, that is using large cities such as London, Oxford, Cambridge, Birmingham, Liverpool and so on to drive the small market. Take the chains and supermarkets as the main distributors. (3) Marketing Strategy Coca-Cola is an enterprise that keeps pursuitting innovations. After successful developed the non-cola carbonated drink smart series, it introduced a natural non-carbonated fruit juice and successful realizes the product diversification. Its product is coherent. On the other hand, as the boss of beverage industry, Coca-Cola has a clear competitive advantage.(Fiona Scott Morton,Florian Zettelmeyer,2004). First of all, it maintains a concentric development and its own technology, equipment, staff, cost and other advantages provide a solid backing to the development of tea drinks. Second, the Coca-Cola has the worlds most mature, stable production capacity and the fastest distribution channels. The market of tea drinks becomes a corollary. In the end Coca-Cola has a well brand reputation. So we put the favorable market segment as a starting point and focus the strength and advantages of the enterprise in one market segment to obtain success. And then through the spread role of the targe t market to enlarge the vertical depth of consumers. (4)The effect of marketing strategy Segment the market by selecting the 18-34 years of age to learn the needs of market segments and take intensive marketing activities. Then the strong market position can be achieved in the market segments. The enterprise can save substantial operation costs and win the high return on investment as a result of specialized production, distribution and promotion. 3. Advertising Campaign a. advertising strategies (1) advertising objectives: improve the brand image and product awareness (2) advertising theme: happy life (3) performance style: easy sunshine (4) advertising slogan: create an infinite future with Coca-Cola together b. media strategy Media types Characteristic Ads budget Arrival rate Frequency (weekly) Our-door ads Repetitive, with the combined effect of symbols and actions 3500 80% 3 broadcasting low cost, flexible information dissemination, timely, wide spread, 2500 60% 2 network effectively attract the target audiences attention, and interact directly with consumers 3000 80% 2 newspaper Lasting preservation of information, high trust 1000 50% 1

Gender Stereotypes in Early Years

Gender Stereotypes in Early Years The purpose of this research project is to investigate whether gender stereotypes existing in todays society affects childrens choices in play. The research will focus mainly on children around the ages of 2 3 years as this is when gender identity and the adopting of gender specific behaviour begins to show (Hughes, 2010). For many years society has been full of gender stereotypes and children have regularly learnt to adopt to gender specific roles as a result of this (REF). The research will also explore whether bringing children up in their set genders will have any effects on their later development. Aims and objectives The aim of this research is to discover whether gender stereotyping has an effect on the choices children make in their play, particularly looking at toy selection and areas the children gather in, in an early years setting. A discussion of how gender identity is formed and as to how gender roles are learnt and adopted by children will be a main focus in this study. The research will also explore how children being steered towards playing and behaving gender specific can hinder their development and what practitioners can do to avoid this. Rationale Past research that I have done has widened my understandings of how many children in settings adopt gender specific behaviour, for example not to cry if youre a boy and to be innocent and pretty if youre a girl. After doing placement in an early years setting and experiencing children playing in traditional ways for example boys with cars and girls steered towards playing with dolls and dressing up, I am extremely interested in finding out why children play in this way and as to what kind of an effect playing to a specific gender can have on childrens later/overall development. Although many of us believe in giving children as many opportunities and policy is in place to make sure this happens we still subconsciously treat boys and girls differently (REF). Therefore gender stereotyping appears to create many barriers to children receiving all the opportunities to play equal and personally I believe that this will have significant effects on their later life choices. Research Questions I will centre my research around these four main research areas: How do children develop gender role behaviour? What is the policy context around equality for girls and boys? Does gender stereotyping hinder childrens overall development? How can practitioners support inclusive practice for both sexes in the early years setting? 2. Literature Review 1,500 There has been extensive research carried out on gender stereotyping in children and many ideas have been formed as to how children develop gender specific roles. However before we begin looking into this topic it is fundamental that we define what is meant by gender. How do children develop a gender role behaviour There are many ways in which it is said children learn and adopt gender specific roles such as, paretns, peers, media, literature and practitioner interaction.. there is much discussion on whether it is nature or nurture side. According to Yellend (1998), gender development is a systematic process beginning at birth and frequently reshaped thoughtout life depending on the sex of the child. There are many studies which have been carried out with the social learning perspective in mind which propose that parents contribute to sex-typed behaviours in children and are a great influence to shaping their childs sex role development (Golombok, 2004). This is done through the different types of toys they buy and the way in which they respond to their children for example a positive response would be given to a girl playing with domestic type toys and likewise a boy playing with cars (Bee, Boyd, 2010). Socialisation Parents are key to gender roles as imitation is a vital part of young childrens lives and they learn many things through imitation especially around the ages of 2 3 years( REF) it has been said that children learn their gender roles by coping their same sex parent e.g. girl watching her mum do the cooking will then maybe assume that that is a role to be carried out by the female. Family are key when it comes to toy selection as they are generally the first people who buy for their children/grandsonsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦adults selection of toys for their children/grandson are likely to be gender specific as society is so full of stereotypes we automatically separate boys and girls toys as it has become a subconscious motive? Many magazines will have toys under toys for girls and toys for boys having product such as dolls for girls and trucks, cars..for boys Peers can then continue the already existent believes children have about what should be played with if a girl or boy. Interaction with practitioners also contributes, use words such as pretty, boys discouraged from crying (touch gender). What is the policy context around equality for girls and boys? The equality act 2012 EYFS/ECM will have wrote something on opportunism Each setting will incorporate many policies within their setting The Early Years Foundation Stage, unique child states that children inclusive practice. Does gender stereotyping hinder childrens overall development? Does gender stereotyping have an effect on childrens academic achievents and later career choices? It is likely that traditional gender roles (stereotypes) will continue to limit both boys and girls academic opportunities little girls discouraged from leaderships tasks, and maths steered towards nurturing roles persistent adult beliefs about typical behaviour for boys or girls affect childrens experiences (Lindon, 2012, pg. 7). The ways in which children careers choices are relayed to children can be subtle but consistent, sending a clear message about the academic domains in which girls and boys are supposed to excel, for example giels are steered away from maths. Can be shown through the later academic achievements of children eg, girls do better in english? How can practitioners support inclusive practice for both sexes in the early years setting It is important that children receive as many opportunites as possible in the early years Hard cause we are so used to it we do it subconsciously Follow policy Gender neutral environment Challenging stereotypical thoughts within your setting. If a boy tells a girl she cant be a doctor, ask him why, and show him pictures of female doctors. If a girl tells a boy he cant be a ballet dancer have resources to hand that show a different story Role play is a great way to show gender equality Showing pictures of women firefighters, women builders etc. 3. Methodology 3.1 Sample The sample type I have chosen is a convenience sample, which refers to the collection of information from members of the population who are conveniently available to provide it (Sekaran Bougie, 2010, pg.276). Therefore I have chosen to interview practitioners in early years settings in the Northumberland area, I have chosen this area as firstly I know the area which means I will save on time as I wont have to find my way around a new place and secondly I have visited these settings before meaning they are easy accessible. 3.2 Research method Interviews I have chosen to use face to face interviews for my research. Interviews are a method whereby one person asks questions of an individual with the expectation of getting answers to a particular question (Mukherji Albon, 2010). Interviews are the best suited method for my research due to the in depth collection of data, allowing for exploration of issues (OLeary, 2010). I will be carrying out a semi structured interviews meaning I will be able to explore around the topic and not just collect responses to set questions. Interviews are a research method that provides us with qualitative data (REF). I have chosen a method that collects qualitative data rather than quantitative as the topic I have chosen to research requires in depth understandings and practitioners opinions and not just simple yes and no responses. 3.2(iii) Semi-structured approach There are many types of interviews however I have chosen to use semi structured interviews, often called a conversation with a purpose (REF). Semi structured interviews are where the interviewer has a checklist of topics and questions to explore however the way in which these are explored will vary dependant on the flow of conversation with each individual (Holmes, 2005). By using this type of interview I will be able to explore around the topic as there will be area for on the spot questions. The role of the interviewer is important to know to conduct an effective piece of research. The interviewer will probe the interviewee however will know when they need to be quiet (REF). The interviewer knows the areas he or she wants to cover with the interviewee, but allows the interviewee the options to take different paths and explore different thoughts and feelings. All interviews will be recorded and transcribed verbatim and this will contribute to the reliability of the research (Royse, 2008). After having transcribing the data I will analyse the data through content or discourse. 3.2(i) Advantages of method Interviews are an excellent qualitative research method meaning they allow for in depth rich data to be collected about key themes (REF). One to one interviews allow for a rapport to be developed between the interviewer and the interviewee (Matthews Ross, 2010). This could potentially lead to more information being expressed as the participant is likely to feel comfortable and therefore this gives reliable/valid data. Face to face interviews have traditionally been seen as the most effective method in regards to the response rate (Vaus, 2002 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) The response rate is always achieved as interviews are scheduled meaning answers are gurantueed Another advantage of using interviews is the way in which the interviewer is able to observe the interviewees facial expressions and body language which in turn will give the interviewer a clearer indication of the interviewees true feelings. This will add to the validity of the research. 3.2(ii) Disadvantages of method Although there are many advantages of using the research method interviews there are also many disadvantages. Firstly interviews are time consuming, scheduling the interview, conducting the interview, and transcribing recordings takes up a lot of time (May, 2011). Secondly the interviewers presence can have a great deal of an effect on the participant, factors such as tone of voice, the way a question may be rephrased, voicing an opinion, inadequate note taking, even the gender and appearance of the interviewer may lead to errors and bias (Fontana Frey, 2000). Thirdly achieving reliability is challenging because each interview is unique in some way (Conway,Jako Goodman, 1995). This can be because there are differences between the way each interview is conducted, difference in the way questions are asked due to there not being standardised responses, and the data collected. Fontana, A. Frey, J. H. (2000) The interview: from structured questions to negotiated text iin N.K. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Reasearch. 2nd ed. London: SAGE Conway, J. M., Jako, R. A., Goodman, D. (1995). A meta- analysis of interrater and internal consistency reliability of selection interviews. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 565-579. 4 Ethical considerations Before carrying out any research it is crucial that ethical considerations are taken into account (May, 2011). Informed consent is essential, and should ensure that the participants are fully informed prior to participation and are aware that their involvement is completely voluntary (McLaughlin, 2007). Therefore in advance to carrying out the research it is vital that I receive informed consent from all participants, this will be achieved by obtaining a signed consent form from each participant (See Appendix). It is fundamental that participants know who is doing the research, the aims and objectives, what is being asked of them, how the data will be used and what steps will be taken to ensure confidentiality (Walliman, 2011). Another ethical consideration to consider is confidentiality, thus meaning we are obliged to protect the participants identity (Silverman, 2011). Information will be treated with respect and the participants would remain anonymous; both of which are extremely important to the ethics base (Hobart, Frankel, 2004, GSCC, 2002) Therefore all participants names will be changed so as to protect them; participants will be informed of this. All participants have the right to withdraw themselves and their results fromthe research. Interviews will be recorded so that they can be transcribed, this means the data will be kept for some time (Matthews Ross, 2010) therefore it is important that this data is klept in a secure place. (data protection) Beneficence is another ethical issue that will be key in this study. Beneficence relates to the Non maleficence, the principle of not doing harmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦must be applied to all participants Although my research would have benefited from me carrying out observations of children in their early years environment unfortunately due to the University ethics statement I am prohibited from doing this and therefore unable to observe children in their environment as part of my research. Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach Uma Sekaran, Roger Bougie 5, illustrated John Wiley Sons, 2010 Surveys in Social Research Social Research Today Series Research methods/Sociology David A. De Vaus 5, illustrated, reprint Routledge, 2002

Character Manipulation in The Rise of Silas Lapham Essay -- Rise Silas

Character Manipulation in Howells' The Rise of Silas Lapham  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Of all the characters who undergo change in The Rise of Silas Lapham, Lapham's change is the only one looked upon in a positive light by the narrator. William Dean Howells uses the corruption of other characters to promote Lapham's newfound morality and reinforce his ultimate triumph. Before Lapham's financial ruin, he is the only character with fault. Yet as his world crumbles, so does the credibility and innocence of his wife, two daughters, and former partner, Mr. Rogers. At the same time, the very catalyst of Lapham's ruin exonerates him. This allows Howells to reinforce Lapham's ultimate rise in the novel, despite his financial and social failures.    While Silas Lapham's character shines of perfect success in the book's opening interview, we soon learn of the fault that will lead to his ruin. In a time when his company needed help, Lapham used Mr. Rogers for his capital, then pushed him out of the company once back on his feet. Mrs. Lapham holds the strongest position towards Silas' treatment of Mr. Rogers: "No; you had better face the truth, Silas. It was no chance at all. You crowded him out. A man that had saved you! No, you had got greedy, Silas. You had made your paint your god, and you couldn't bear to let anybody else share in its blessings."(45) She believes that his treatment of Rogers is the only fault in his character, and is satisfied when he finally makes good on it by lending money to Rogers when asked. Despite his efforts to resolve the matter, Lapham refuses to admit his guilt. But the narrator tells us he is guilty*, and Silas admits feeling relieved after working it out: "'Well, I don't know when it's done me so much ... ...ng Lapham's upward motion cannot be accidental. Lapham needed his wife to nag at him about Rogers, and needed Rogers to be a "rascal" to start the events which lead to his rise. Lapham needed his daughters' distraction to ensure his lack of support and need for complete self-sufficiency during his hardships, as well as its incorporation of the Corey family to justify his involvement and failure with "society." Howells creates a plot in which Lapham figuratively steps on the other characters in order to rise.    Works Cited and Consulted Carter, Everett. Howells and the Age of Realism. Hamden, Conn.: Arcton Books, 1966 Howells, William Dean. The Rise of Silas Lapham. 1885. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1988 Van Wyck, Brooks. Howells His Life and World. Dutton, 1959. Wagenknecht, Edward. W.D. Howells The Friendly Eye. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969

Seasonal Affective Disorder :: essays research papers

Seasonal Affective Disorder: Lighting the Way Pamela Johnson "Whoever wishes to pursue the science of medicine in a direct manner must first investigate the seasons of the year and what occurs in them." Hippocrates (6) Introduction As the shortest day of the year approaches, more and more multi-colored lights and bright, festive decorations are splashed across houses and yards everywhere. Long ago, in more earthy times, people celebrated the solstice because it was the rebirth of the sun, when days began to lengthen and light began to return. As our ancient ancestors probably realized, their celebrations helped to keep spirits up when times were dark and cold, just as our modern holiday light displays function as a way to ward off the winter blues. (1) However, not everybody can shake the sadness that comes at this time of year, usually because they are suffering from a type of clinical depression called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). When a person has SAD, he or she regularly experiences depression in the winter months that then subsides in the spring and summer months. Although first identified around 1845, this mood disorder was not officially classified until 1984 when psychiatrist Norman E. Rosenthal, M.D., began to study cases of depression that seemed to occur during the winter only. (2) After an article was published in The Washington Post about his research, Rosenthal received a nationwide response from thousands of people who experienced the same symptoms he had observed in his patients. (3). After further research he compiled his studies in Winter Blues: Seasonal Affective Disorder: What It Is and How to Overcome It, which he recently revised, updated, and rereleased in October 1998. Causes Although the cause of this disorder is attributed to the lack of exposure to sunlight, it has not yet been determined whether a person's susceptibility to it is genetic or stress-related or both. Dr. Rosenthal finds the causes of SAD to be "a combination of factors including shortened daylight, stress and genetic vulnerability." (4). By means of his research, he calculated that some kind of depression is experienced by at least 14 percent of the population due to the decrease of exposure to sunlight in the winter. Many scientists feel SAD is "a product of modern society that confines us indoors," with stress levels easily increased by a work environment in which one hardly ever sees the sun. (4). Also,

The Epidemic of Teenagers Using Drugs

The Epidemic of Teenagers Abusing Drugs Krystyn Romualdo COM/156 November 18, 2012 Jackie Hudspeth Jr The Epidemic of Teenagers Abusing Drugs To have known so many people that have struggled with drug addiction in their teenage years it has become very apparent what a vital time in one’s life it is to know the dangers of abusing drugs as a teenager. Even though not all teens abuse drugs, it is an epidemic in the United States because more teens are turning to drugs to escape or use out of boredom.Take my younger brother for instance; he has struggled with drug addiction from the time he was a teenager into his early twenties. My brother Matthew started off smoking pot and drinking socially out of boredom. Then he found the drug crack cocaine to escape from reality as his world came crashing down around him. Once he found that drug he went overboard and started stealing electronics and pawning them for money to buy his drugs. From there he would also beg people for money and ob tain it to get his fix. He would clean up for about a week at a time but would fall right back into it.He would blast his music in his room while he was high on drugs. He would also disappear for days at a time while on a drug binge. After stealing everything in my mother’s house my mother finally committed him to a drug rehabilitation center. The first one failed. The second one failed. Matthew just could not get off the drugs. He to this day struggles with drug addiction, and he is now twenty four. However Matthew is just one of many with stories like these. Let us look at how many others are a part of this vicious cycle known as drug abuse among teens.A lot of teenagers abuse drugs for a variety of reasons, stress from school, social acceptance or low self-esteem, self-medication, misinformation, and easy access to name several. Seventy three percent of teens of teens report the number one reason for using drugs is to deal with the pressures and stress of school. This was done by the Partnership for a Drug-Free America (2010). They have to deal with the pressures of being socially accepted, what clothes they are wearing if they are â€Å"cool† and the overall stress of their schoolwork. Self-medication being nother reason teenagers use drugs is huge. One self-medicates to deal with all types of stress that they feel like they cannot cope with. There was a study conducted in 2009 that reported an estimated seventy percent of teens suffer from undiagnosed clinical depression perhaps at some point in their life. Depression is a leading cause and effect of why teens turn to drugs. Many teens are unaware that they have an underlying mental or mood disorder that is causing them to use illegal or prescription drugs to self-medicate and cope with their symptoms.Teenagers abuse drugs due to misinformation with studies showing that many teenagers do not know the effects of drugs. Most teens do not see any major risk with abusing drugs. Forty one percent of teens mistakenly believe that it is safer to abuse a prescription drug over a street drug. Teens also abuse drugs for social acceptance. They want to be accepted by their peers so they do drugs just to be part of a group or clique. Another reason is low self-esteem. People who feel down on themselves are more likely to abuse drugs to feel better about themselves.Easy access is one of the main reasons teenagers easily get addicted to drugs. Almost fifty percent of teenagers say it is easy for them to get marijuana; seventeen percent say it is easy to get methamphetamine; fourteen percent mention that it is easy obtain heroine and over fifty percent of teens say it is easy to get prescription drugs from their parents’ medicine cabinets. Let us explore how one teenager became addicted to drugs by going through the medicine cabinets of his own family. This teenager was a football star and had made more wins for his team than he can count.But he started to have troubling pain in his hamstring. He decided at first to just walk it off instead of going to the doctor. This teenager walked it off until he could not endure it anymore. He remembered that his father had a surgery a while back. So he searched for the medication and found a prescription pill bottle that said Percocet on it. The bottle said to take every four to six hours for pain. Now Percocet is a strong painkiller that is highly addictive. This teenager was unaware of its high addiction level so he started to take them as directed.When he ran out of those he found more prescription painkillers from his brother’s medicine cabinet because he had to win the big game. Once he found his brother’s medicine he had enough to last him to win the big and final game. He won the big game but afterwards he ran out of medicine. He started to get sick and began to experience hot and cold sweats and realized he was physically addicted to prescription drugs. He had to go through withdrawals to real ize he was physically addicted to the drugs. But withdrawals are just one of many results of using or abusing drugs.There are many bad outcomes to abusing drugs. Some teenagers just waste away their lives. Others hurt the ones they love by stealing from them or treating them horribly when they are coming down off their high. Some teens become very violent and out of control towards everyone around them. Some teens run away and disappear for life. Other teenagers get raped not even knowing it unless someone tells them what happened unless they were awake during the rape. A rising problem among teens and drug use is teen pregnancy.Minimally, one million teenage girls become pregnant annually, reports the Women’s International Network News (1992). One study of youth in three urban areas found that between twenty nine and forty two percent of the girls studied reported being pregnant at least once before the age of seventeen (Huizinga, Loeber, & Thornberry, 1993). The effects of this has caused a decline in furthering education and an incline in single parenthood as most young men do not stay to support the child or even be there for the teenage girl during pregnancy let alone post-partum.Another bad outcome is teenage violence. Teenagers are particularly vulnerable to violence and victimization. They are at a high risk for interfamilial emotional, physical and sexual abuse (Strom, K. , Oguinick, C. M. , & Singer, M. I. Page 3, 1995). They experience twice the amount of violence adults do. Some of the violence includes theft, assault, and rape. On a ten point scale drug abuse was at an 8. 5 for teens being at a high risk (Stephens, G. Page 2, 2010). It is not all grim as there is hope. There are many resources to help teenagers overcome the use of drugs. One is in the schools.Knowing that school drop outs and failure in school are contributors to drug use it is clear how critical it is to have an educational facility with competent, caring teachers working with parents and the community (Stephens, G. Page 3, 2010). However, most teens in this digital age, do better turning to campaigns such as Above the Influence and Under Your Own Influence. Under Your Own Influence was a campaign that started off in several schools and ran a campaign from 1992 to 1995. Above the Influence is a campaign that still continues today on a national level. Both were started to get kids to stay off marijuana butAbove the Influence has turned into a national campaign to stay off all drugs. Be Under Your Own Influence was found to reduce marijuana uptake in an earlier randomized community trial. It was re-branded as Above the Influence by the Office of National Drug Control Policy (Slater, M. , Kelly, K. , Lawrence, F. , Stanley, L. , & Comello, M. Page 1). Above the Influence not only serves as a television media campaign but has its own website with tons of information and help such as testimonials, ways to help a friend and interactive communications to ke ep kids off of drugs and above the influence of them.Even though not all teens abuse drugs, it is an epidemic in the United States because more teens are turning to drugs to escape or use out of boredom. We have experienced my own personal account of knowing someone addicted to drugs. You have seen the numbers of how easy it is for teens to get drugs and why they abuse them. We have seen how prescription drug abuse comes about. We have explored some of the outcomes of drug abuse and what resources are available to help teens overcome or abstain from drug abuse. If you know a teenager abusing drugs, help them help themselves and get them the help that they need.References (American Psychological Association). Strom, K. , Oguinick, C. M. , & Singer, M. I. (1995). What do Teenagers Want? What do Teenagers Need?. Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal, 12 (5), 345-359. (American Psychological Association). Lindstrom, M. (2011). PAIN PILLS?. Odyssey 20(7), 30. (American Psychological Ass ociation). Stephens, G. (2010). Youth at Risk: A New Plan for Saving The World’s Most Precious Resource. Futurist, 44 (4), 16. (American Psychological Association). Johnson, A. O. , Mink, M. D. , Harun, N. , Moore, C. G. , Martin, A. B. Bennett, K. J. (2008). Violence and Drug Use in Rural Teens: National Prevalence Estimates from the 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Journal of School Health, 78 (10), 554-561. doi:10. 1111/j. 1746-1561. 2008. 00343. x (American Psychological Association). Slater, M. , Kelly, K. , Lawrence, F. , Stanley, L. , & Comello, L. (2011). Assessing media campaigns linking marijuana non-use with autonomy and aspirations: â€Å"Be Under Your Own Influence† and ONDCP’s â€Å"Above the Influence†. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of The Society For Prevention Research, 12(1), 12-22.

Causes and Effects of Illegal Loan Sharks Essay

llegal moneylender is the party offering illegal loans by charging higher interest rates. Doubled profits allow their business to continue operating despite the global economic recession. Oriented services such as shark’s need to combat. Illegal moneylender promote their services with attractive offers such as instant and convenient loan without collateral while legitimate financial companies impose strict conditions and take a long time to approve the loan. In Indian society, illegal moneylender known as Chettiar, and was called the â€Å"Tai Ee Long† in Chinese and â€Å"loan sharks† in the Malay community. Statistics show that the number of illegal borrow from loan sharks is increasing from time to time. Because of these activities brought many disadvantages, the cause of this phenomenon must be identified and effective measures should be taken to overcome them. There are several causes that make illegal moneylender services received. Among them is as easy approved loans illegal loan sharks. This is because borrowing money from the bank require complicated procedures and strict conditions. Someone who borrow from illegal loan sharks will get loan approval within a few hours compared with a bank that requires a long time to consider the eligibility of the borrower. Illegal moneylender also mendediakan loans to anyone regardless of whether the money can be borrowed, from RM1000 to hundreds of thousands of dollars. They also know how to win borrowers and allow lenders to require collateral. More and more loan money from illegal loan sharks will only increase KADA interest on the borrower. Rising interest rates cause borrowers everyday mampumemulangkan not borrowed money and eventually there will be a further tragedy case. The next factor is the urgent need of money or suffered by the borrower to make a living for not having a salaried job. This is due to the borrower is experiencing problems or obstacles when working. In addition, borrowers may also poorly educated and do not have a certificate of excellence and consequently difficult to get high income pekarjaan. Therefore, borrowers will face problems such as dismissal, unemployment and so on. This causes the borrower to borrow the money from illegal loan sharks for a living. In addition, the problem of financing children’s education and the need to start or expand their businesses is also one. The cause of the moneylender loans illegal. One example of business if someone wishes start or expand a business, he will require a sum of money sufficient to achieve the desire. It can not be dinifikan that source can also cause illegal moneylender services received in the community. With this effective measures should be taken as soon as possible in order to overcome problems related to illegal loan sharks. Measures that can be implemented to combat the problem of illegal loan sharks are law enforcement tight, Moneylenders Act Amendments of 1951 to authorize the police to do the investigation, seize documents and search premises and arrest any person engaged in illegal loan sharks without a warrant so that no one cried foul. The authorities should regulate advertising publications involving illegal lending by loan sharks of the tyrant. Amendments to the Money Lenders Act 1951 to increase the maximum fine and imprisonment and caning for pesalah. Contohnya, they should be charged fines included a sum of RM10000 or five years imprisonment or both at once. For illegal loan sharks who hurt borrowers should be severe punishment, such as whipping. Therefore, the police in collaboration with the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA) should work together to limit the production and penguatkuasaa. In this way the problem of illegal loan sharks can dibanteraskan effectively. In addition, financial firms and banks also play an important role in activities membanteraskan illegal loan sharks. Finance companies and banks can provide various forms of loans to low-income and sederhana. Contohnya, the bank can extend the time frame to return the money borrowed by the borrower with low income or facing kwwangan. Tambahan about the bank can offer interest rates less applicable to low-income borrowers. Banks and finance companies have to provide a more simple procedure and does not require collateral and the many and strict conditions for the easy way to make loans. In addition, they also have to accelerate lending to people who are desperate and facing serious financial problems. Awareness of the adverse effects of borrowing money from illegal loan sharks should also be increased in the community. The government should launch a massive campaign to make people aware of the dire consequences of borrowing money from illegal loan sharks. Awareness activities can be disseminated through print media. As a member of society, we also have a responsibility to report to the authorities if they have information about illegal lending activities. Therefore, public pengduan centers should be set up in setap area to facilitate community Assemblywoman pimp report illegal activity to activity can be reduced illegal activities pimp. (Tzyy Shyang) In conclusion, people should avoid getting involved in illegal money lenders from the loan sharks so dapt live in peace and quiet for being involved in this activity will not get any benefits even cause byawa themselves and family members at risk. By the community today needs to join forces together deangan authorities to menganangi this activity from excessive fragmentation. The authorities should take stern action against the recipient and the giver and illegal loan sharks lender and provide various altertif so people can borrow money from financial institutions of which is recognized as the banks and other financial companies so there is no issue we do not get away from illegal loan sharks cenkagaman by we are in financial difficulties. However, awareness of the importance of smart money management should also be vaccinated in the community so that they do not face financial problems in mengadapi uncertain economic development.